1. Definition of QA, QC
Qa is the abbreviation of English Quality Assurance, Chinese meaning is quality assurance; QC is in English
The abbreviation of Quality Control, Chinese meaning is quality control.
According to ISO9000: 2000, QA's definition is "part of quality management," dedication to providing quality requirements will be met ", QC definition is" part of quality management, dedicated to meeting quality requirements ".
The definition in the standard is simple, it is difficult to have a long story, which may lead to less clear understanding of the definition. In short, QC is a person, check, directly committed to quality requirements: QA is to people, the process, and is committed to enabling managers, customers and other relevant parties to meet the quality requirements.
In some standards in software / informationization, QA definitions include: "Quality assurance refers to a series of planned necessary work to make software products in line with the requirements of the requirements." (GB / T 12504-1990 computer software quality Guarantee plan specification); "To provide sufficient confidence in compliance with the established technical needs, it must take the scheduled and systematic model." (GB / T11457-1995 software engineering term) . There is no direct definition of QC in both standards.
According to different purposes, the definition of the same term from different angles often has different differences, such as GB / T 12504-1990, GB / T11457-1995, respectively, there is a difference in definitions of QA, according to GB / T 12504-1990 QA Define coverage is wide, including QC content.
2. Comparison of the side focus of QA and QC
In a software organization or project team, there are two types of roles of QA and QC. The main side focus of these two roles work is as follows:
Other significant differences between QA and QC also include:
QA with necessary qualifications is a senior talent in the organization. It is necessary to fully grasp the process definition of the organization, familiar with the engineering technology used in the project; QC includes advanced talents such as software test designers, including general testers, etc. Primary talent. Software companies in foreign countries require QA to have more than two years of software development experience, more than half a year of analysts, designer experience; not only to receive QA training, but also accept the training of project manager responsibilities. Training.
In the project group, QA is independent of the project manager, and does not by the project manager for performance appraisal; QC is led by the project manager, and most of the QC performance is determined by the project manager during the project manager.
QA activity runs through the entire process of project operation; QC activities are generally set at a specific phase of the project run, and may be done by different roles at different control points.
Findings in the mid-sized QA, tracking, and reporting projects are just the basic part of their job responsibilities, and more valuable work includes providing process support for project groups, such as providing project managers, providing new examples and reference data. To introduce and explain the applicable process definition files for project group members; QC activities are mainly defects to discover and report product.
3. QA work content
International standards, national standards are common, software organizations are specific, fresh. The job responsibilities and content of QA in different organizations will have a commonity, and there will be specificity, and they can consider the work content and characteristics of QA levels.
3.1 Process Compliance
Ensure that process compliance is the fundamental responsibility of QA, that is, the project team is guaranteed to operate in accordance with the proceedings prescribed. Usually various types of organizations are not only the QA in the software organization is committed to ensuring process compliance to confirm that the product and services can be provided with stable quality to obtain trust with quality requirements.
3.2 Program compliance
Guarantee the program of the project is the first is the responsibility of the project manager, not the fundamental responsibility of QA. In some organizations, QA does not have to pay attention to the planning compliance; however, the plan of the project scale, workload, progress, defect, etc. are the focus of high-level managers, and QA is necessary to track and report as a high-level manager's eyes. Compliance. Tracking and reporting programs in many software organizations compliance is the regular work content of QA. 3.3 Workpiece correctness
Work Product referred to as workpiece, refers to various documents, code, programs, etc. generated in the project operation. In most software organizations, QA is usually not directly tracking and reporting the correctness of the workpiece. Its root cause is that this will cause QA to be too deep in project work, not conducive to maintaining QA independence and objectivity. Other reasons include QA's ability, time resources may not be sufficient to support them to track and report the correctness of the workpiece.
4. Understand and process QA work content based on actual situation
How to define the specific role of QA is that organizations, quality management standards, and process improvement models will only require certain responsibilities to have agencies, roles, will not require organizations to set up a certain organization, a role, Or what kind of role must be. Even in the same tissue, different processing can be made according to different applications.
For example, in a software organization that passes SW-CMM, the minimum range of QA programs only includes activities of support, tracking, and reporting project groups. To track and report related to outsourcing parts when there is an outsourcing part in the project workpiece Activities, when the project is related to the needs of specific customers, deployment and implementation should be responsible for communicating with the quality management issues, including product and service defects. The QA and demand management plan, configuration management plan, workpiece review plan, communication plan, risk management plan, training plan, test plan, development plan, etc. are separated; but for large enterprise information construction projects, if customers The QA program that needs to be submitted to the customer to show the quality of the Organization's Quality Guarantee needs to include multi-faceted programs including QA, QC, such as review plans and test programs, which are close to QA activity in GB / T 12504-1990.
