Zhuge Liang (AD 181-234) in the end of the Han Dynasty (AD 181-234) is indeed a leader in our ancient politicians. His politics, military can make a spirit of struggle with the pursuit of unity of the world, and noble character and personality style, indeed admire. But he is not over, and there is also his shortcomings. For Zhuge Liang, historians and politicians have had a lot of comments, but unfortunately, due to the limitations of history, or because of the thoughts like "for the sage", or because of their admiration, do not want to say There are many delayers, especially in his treatment and using the general Weilong issue of the generals. "Three Kingdoms Romance" This is said to be familiar and accepted for many people. This must be distinguished from the historical appearance. Here I only put some discussion on the dealer of Zhuge Liang and Wei Yan's tragedy.
Liu Bei, who is survived and developed in the Han Dynasty warlords, and the group of groups, the girder, he is very ambition and courage, he knows that the talents are rare, with the sages of the sages, and don't hesitate to "San Gu Mao", please Zhuge Liang out Be your own hard assistant. At that time, Liu Bei was a 47-year-old royal family, and Zhuge Liang is a 27-year-old scholar, but this "country-seeking" has proposed a famous "Rongzhong pair" strategic decision. In short three hundred words, the historical trend of Wei, Yu, Wu three is the historical trend of Wei, Yi, Wu three points, and has made a brilliant analysis from politics, military, internal affairs, and diplomats. It can be said that it is The foundation of the founding of the country, is worthy of the praise of the ages of the age. The implementation of this strategic decision has created a new situation in Liu Bei's business. The problem is that Zhuge Liang has not been able to modify some of the programs and envisions that have been outdated according to the later situation.
"Long Zhongzhong" proposes: According to Jing, after the benefit, it will compete in the Central Plains. "The world has changed, and the life will be willing to go to Wan, Luo, General (refer to Liu Bei, Yong Yizhen) ", This is to say that after occupying Jingzhou, we should take the army to Wan, Luo, all the way to Qinchuan, to the Cao Cao Military Group offensive to Cao Cao's military group. It seems that this plan seems to be unable to make a good non-positive. The problem is that after Qinchuan and Wan, Luo's political, economic status have undergone major changes, Jingzhou's strategic status is getting more and more important. If only the state soldiers horses and horses Qinchuan attack Cao Wei, then Liu Bang "secret Chen Cang" The old road is very difficult to win. Retreat, after 12 years of "Battle of Chibi", Wu Yuxian has been seriously broken, and the guard of Jingzhou is self-intensive, violating the diplomatic national policy of Lian Wu, is extremely sensitive to Jingzhou. Sun Wu combined with Cao Cao with "Self-efficiency", Zhu Yumei, Lu Xun Cencuto Yu Lun Road, "Bai Yi River" hits Jiangling, public security; Cao Cao enters Wancheng, and saves Xu Huo to reach the trapped Yang Ren , With Sun Quan north and south echoing cricket, causing Guan Yu to defeat Deeht, Bao Yicheng. Liu Bei is a revenge, emotional use of Guan Yu, and the military commander is not correct. As a result, the army has been defeated by "fire", and wearing three points. First, the vitality is big, the male map of the Central Plains is difficult to achieve.
Inflective, there are many reasons, mainly the political, military, and economic center of gravity is not closed, while in Wan, Luo, Xuchang area. Occupy the Qinchuan Customs is important, but Jingzhou's strategic status is more important than in Han, Qinchuan is more important. Jingzhou lost, the army will be closed in the Chongshan Mountains within the Qinling, the Bigoba and Wushan line, in the strategy. However, according to Jingzhou's Shan Han general Guan Yu is arrogant, insulting Dongwu to strengthen Wu Shu Federation and "joy". In the late Ming and early Qing dynasty, Wangfu criticized Guan Yu in the "Reading Trigation" is to destroy the Wu Shu League, leading to the beginning of the death, this may be too heavy, but Guan Yu is negative for the harm of the Wu Shu. Responsibility. However, with Liu Bei's hometown, Zhuge Zhi, the importance of Jingzhou's strategic status is insufficient to the importance of the country, so that Guan Yun is far away, did not add a soldier and one pawn, and did not have to be in the superior Liu Feng, Meng Da The army is close to Guan Yu, and there is no such thing as Zhang Fei, Jiangzhou (Chongqing, Fuling), and the strong soldiers, the two combat power, and should be said to be the most important mistake. No wonder Chen Shou said when he commented Zipue Light: "The strain will be slightly, not his head!"
In 223 AD, Liu Beiqi Dangerous, Bai Emperor, Zhuge Liang is committed to the crisis, with his excellence to stabilize the situation, and in "Strictly Education, rewarding penalty must be believed", "rewarding farmeran, and people's interest" and other correct policies Under gradually recovery. Then the two years, "June", "Qi Meng Meng," "There is a situation.
In the spring of 227, Zhuge Liang led the 100,000 army opened the prelude of the "Sixth Yushan" Northern Expedition War. After the war, I experienced six or seven years, and finally ended with failure. Zhuge Liang started a loss of people. At that time, although the army was sharp, but in the amount of the force, it was in a disadvantage, and the strategic status was a steep Qinling Mountain Range, and the profit was unfavorable. In this case, it is necessary to win the war, and the speed of speed is speed. At this point, it seems that Zhuge Liang, such as God, cautiously. So, is it no one to make excellent and viable strategic programs? Not. Before the beginning of the Johnshan, the famous Wrong Wei Yan has given an objection to the North Expedition. According to factors such as enemy, the principle of tactical principles, "Wen Xia Hou is small, the master is also, there is no possibility. Today, the soldiers are five thousand, the weight is 5,000, straight, follow the Qinling, In the afternoon, it can go to Chang'an in the afternoon. The smell of the sorrow, must take the boat to escape. Chang'an Zhongyu, Jing Zhao is too strong, the horizontal gangshan, the valley of the Gate, the canal, more than the East Gathering, Shang 20, while the public comes, it is enough. So, then, Xianyang can be customary. "This should be said to be a comparative weekly strategic plan. If this program is adopted, it is very hilarious to Chang'an, and then in the oblique valley army, the victory is very hopeful. It is Zhuge Liang's main opponent Sima Yi to say afterwards: "Zhuge Liang Ping students are cautious and careful, but he doesn't know how to be in the territory; if you use the soldiers, you will take a lot of lunch to take Chang'an, you will be too much!" The claim is desirable. Unfortunately, Kong Ming screwd this as "mighty and advancing", neither Wei Yan himself, no need to make a policy, the result is a good time being lost. Zhuge Liang seems to be a bit prejudice, reverse it, and uses his "Wanquan", and actually will "say in fact, you can't use", the Madow is the Pioneer, hard is to emphasize what "Ann Cabao , You can take the right, ten full bars, ", the large circle is in the middle of the world, and then Wuzu, Tianshui, and Yushan, so that the 100,000 army is slowly awkward in Chongshan Mountain, so that the manager of the majority And food is not beneficial to spend long distance. Such an enrollment makes Wei Fang to breathe, and make it ready to prepare for the preparation, deep grooves, and make the army to lose the opportunity. The horse is finally defeated by Zhang Wei, and the street pavilion failed. In fact, the loss of the street pavilion can not be full, Zhuge Liang is subject to major responsibility. From a geographical location, the street pavilion is both the strategy of the strategy, and the battle of the street pavilion is also a critical battle. Street Pavilion, "Insurance", withdrawal, but have to be forced to give up the acquired Western Western County, to the Hanzhong, leading to the failure of the entire Northern Expedition. Lei said that Zhuge Liang should be in front of the front line, but he did not "seized street pavilion"; his headquarters should be located near the street pavilion, but it is located in the Huishan of the old and long. In the case of communication, the command is not Spirit is inevitable. "子 子" said: "Sitting in the array of sitting, the paramers, will be in it"; "Sun Tzu" Cloud: "So the land of the war, the day of mind, you can fight for a thousand miles. I don't know the battle, I don't know After the war, left can't save the right, right can't save left, can't save, then you can't save it ";" Six "cloud:" Winter is not convinced, summer is not flying, rain is not Zhang cover, name The ceremony will not be affected, and there is no peek. " This shows that the handsome is to be born with the soldiers, and can encounter. Mao Zedong is reading the "Three Kingdoms" time: "The viewing people's view, the slightly section, slightly small, the pavilion first war, Yicheng Street Pavilion, causing the defeat," This view is fair and profound of. After the event, Zhuge Liang made a "self-critic", please deepen himself to the right of the army, severely punish the horse, but only admit that he "uses people, there is a mission of the Emperor", and failed to summarize the mistakes in his strategic tactics. . It seems that I don't know if I don't know how to use it, I don't think of Wei Yan and Wei Yan's recommendations. In the bottom of the country, they still dare to take "Qinling and East", boldly in-depth strategy. The result can only be hung in the city under the countermeasures of Sima Yi's persistence.
It seems that Zhuge Liang is really cautious in his life. The strategic tactics will be cautious to lead to "knowing the bias", "seeking full blame". Although he is more than "election of the sage" in the employer, if it is pulled, Jiang Wei is in the county, Yang Hong, He Wei in the county, but his "Delivery" style seems to like Those who have a little cautious, good to surface kung fu, and those who have a little personality and the odds are often lost due to their small. Wei Yan has the disadvantage of "not willing to be" "good", it is talent rather than slaves, he always only uses his people without believe, only as a borrowing force. This kind of employment attitude of this existence will inevitably lose the help of "shares". Not only Wei Yan, the energy of others and some shortcomings, but also to use it to be unable to use, and the extreme, biased. If the "just fierce", Zhuge Liang advised Liu Bei to take the opportunity because of its superior defeat. In fact, Liu Han is a credible battle will, and then Liu Bei is also regretted. Liao Li, which is a bit self-high, and "Yi Zhu Liang", he has also praised that he can be better than Pang Tong, but it is unrequited use after Changsha. Later, he had made a chair, if Kong Ming, "not to be a sage,", "is being released, and the old is dead. It is the opinion that he is a talent that he is "attacking" in the "South War", thinking that he is a talent, and this person "said that this person" said that it does not have a big use ". Seriously considering that it is also strictly disposed of the dead street pavilion. The last year of the Eastern Han Dynasty was a victory, the age of the group, Zhuge Liang was still in the ancient political home in the selection of talents and the use of talents. However, compared to Cao Cao, Sun Quan, Liu Bei, compared with the era. Zhuge Liang failed to select and create a lot of people in the year of birth to assist and inherit his career. Of course, there are many reasons here, but he is a critical reason for the preparation of talents, and the moment is a important reason. Most of the "old head" of the sized officials, is Jiang Yan, and the fertilizer and others are also inadequate, and the spirit is lacking. It is especially intriguing that Liu Bei's life is most prominent to select two people. First, Zhuge Liang, one is Wei Yan, and Zhuge Liang is not very trusting for Wei Yan, and seems to be a bit pressed. But even in this case, Wei Yan still burdened and burned to death in the south of the south of the south of the South. He defeated Guo Huai. He won the West, the South War is a pioneer, and the Northern Expedition is a pioneer. Shoot Cao Cao, Dao Wang Double, Dead Zhang, Wars Sima Yi, Dead of Xia Hou Ba, the street pavilion fault, etc., and so on. The treatment of the army is strict, "both good and raising a 20th, bravely", almost no evil, and every battle will. In particular, he proposed the strategic proposal of Chang'an, which is a good job, but unfortunately, it is not adopted by Zhuge Liang. If the strategy of Wei Yan's "Tongling and East" is let go, its prospect is difficult to estimate. No wonder Wei Yan often sighs: "Bright is a snoring, and it is sighing."
Cao Caozhi is higher than Zhuge Liang's lies in him to advocate "the intelligence of Ren Tian, the heart of the world", "universal is not rid of" Knowing "The Morning Chicken, Thinking and Rebirth", "Knowing the Good Officer, It is difficult to make a fake, unbained, happy, and take Zhang Liao, Xu Huang is within death, all are true, As a famous "; he is heavy," can do "all because of the fact that it is the case, the constraints, do not read the old evil", Zhang embroidery, then surrendered again, Cao Cao gave him a preferential treatment and sealed as a column, Bi Qing, Wei Rui and others have deceived Cao Cao, and they were still reused. Therefore, the Cao Wei camp Chinese minister, the military commander, thus creating a large situation. Sun Quan knows people, knowing "Zhou Gong does not want to prepare one person", can only look at it, and use its long, boldly use the young general, and commit to Zhou Yu, Lu Meng, Lu Mun; he said Lu Su has two Long (suggesting that the Emperor of the Emperor and Lian Liu Antao) is a short (Jingzhou gives Liu Bei), can't damage the two long due to its short. Liu Bei's kindness is also higher than Zhuge Liang. He promotes Wei Yan to trust and use him, although it will be in the best, but we always take Wei Yan as a unique side of the committee. 219 AD (Jian'an 24 years) Liu Bei seized Hanzhong, called Hanzhong Wang. At the time, it is planned to move to Chengdu. When you take one, you will lead to Hanzhong. He knows that Hanzhong is Yizhou barrier, and it is the base of the Central Plains in the future. The status is critical. At that time, the first member of the general Guan Yu has left Jingzhou, " The public thinks that they must be self-defending, but they will see people. "It is a long-awaited person," It is the general of the director of the Hanzhong Town, and the army is shocked. "It seems that Liu Bei knows Wei Yan and trusts And boldly use Wei Yan. Wei Yan also did not bear the hope of Liu Bei, sitting in the Hanzhong, alone, the world, the strong, the enemy did not dare to commit, and the bold of Liu Bei was worried. Zhuge Liang is not only "torque is biased", but it is too thin that it is too thin, "there must be a relative", "the penalty is more than 20 or more," is a rare talent, which is not conducive to the growth of talents. When Wang Fu was commented on Zhuge Liang: "People are in the moment", "although there is a talented person, it will destroy their angry, that is, the tile, 奚 恃 恃!" Xi Yu arrived later " There is no general, Liaohua is a pioneer, which is probably a big relationship with the defects of Zhuge Liang. Returning, Zhuge Liang also does not understand the importance of cultivating local talents. Throughout the post-late Heavy Chen, there are not many locals, and the subsequent Jiangxi, the fend and Jiang Wei have no big, but it is the Huang Wei, Zhou Zhou and others. It seems that it can't be cultivated to use the local talent. It is not a defect in Zhuge Liang. Although Wei Yan has the shortcomings of "not willing to understand", he is still sincerely obedient to Zhuge Liang. In his strategic difference in his strategy with Zhuge Liang, it is still possible to take care of the overall situation. If you don't make a damage to the country, even if you die in the army, the situation is very urgent and complicated. evidence. Yang Yi is not so deep that Zhuge Liang is dead, and their conflict has more surface. "Zhuge Light, it is extended to the cloud: 'After I died, I have been self-defeating, cautious Don't come back." The delay takes the right thing, secretly deposited. Exlarge, take the mouth, Music. Bright Chang Yang Yi Sudi and Wei Yan did not, seeing the military, fear, is the harm of Zhang Yan, the arrival of the people, the arrival of the crowd. Yanbao no heart, no war army. Character to kill it. "Yu Song believes:" This is the words of the enemy's rumors, you must not trial ", but even the words of one side, you can also see Yang Yi to arise into the harsh behavior of his political enemy. It is based on this pass, and it is not possible to explain Wei Yan 's refurbishment, but only Yun Zhu Ge Brightening is "Mi and Chang Zi Yang Yi, Sima Fei, the army, Jiang Wei, etc. After the army, the army will return the festival, and after the extended, Jiang Wei, if it is not from the life, the military is self-evident, "Kong Ming only estimates that Wei Yan may not be from Yang Yi's life, and do not trust Wei Yan's arrangement. Of course, Yang Yi fake" ". Sure enough, Wei Yan is unllowed by Yang Yi, but in turn destroys the road to the road to return the road before retreat. After the broken, it is Jiang Wei command, and Wei Yan is to reduce the sun. It seems that Zhuge Liang is also very unexpected in handling Yang Yi and Wei Yan's serious problems. Although he is subjective "can't bear to have a good reputation", Wei Yan is in front of the frontline, and Yang Yi has been in the side of Zhuge Liang, which is different from the reliance and feelings of the two. If Zhuge Liang took the two people to the front of the liver and gallbladder, he was a great righteousness, and the contradiction between at least Wei and Yang can be temporarily eased. However, he took Wei Yan to exclude, leaving him only after it. Command, this is totally untrustworthy.
From many historical key words, we did not mention Wei Yan's rebellion. The most probable thing is that he has no time to take the northern, but it is still the first to return. Even if he is a unhappy person, he is still not north, but a few people have helped Fuming back, and the legislation will announce the deployment of the Northern Expedition, but unfortunately die for the feeding of the feet. From many historical materials, Wei Yan's intentions are very clear, Wei Yan believes that although the prime minister is dead, the Weiye of the Northern Expedition cannot be interrupted, and it should be "rate the thief of the army." If Wei Yanzhen wants a rebellion Cao, he may have three options: one is that the army will be in front of the front line, this is easy to relax; its second is to do not move, wait for Yang Yi to retreat, then pull the army in the Hanzhong, Jingtong situation, effect Ten Lu Lu, with the prestige of Zeng Zhenzhong, this is not unique, this is not difficult to do; his third is to learn Liu Bei to win Liu Wei's land, kill Chengdu to Chengdu to win the Hanzhan regime with Thunder, and then cut Yang Yi's army This is not very difficult. However, Wei Yan did not select any one of them, and the opposite is clearly declared, do not "die in one person to die", if the army inheritance, the lectures of the prime minister continue to be the north, this is nothing to do with the rebellion. One piece. The tragedy of the big history will have tragic characters. When Ma Wei took Wei Yan's head to report, "the narrow" Yuli Yang Yi actually "snorted, 曰 'mediocroaid! Evil is not evil?' 延 延 三". Wei Yan is the existence and development of the country, and I have forgotten the death, Iron Ma Jin Ge, did not die in the battlefield of the enemy, and the dark arrows that were killed in their own camps, there was a big power, and the three families, the half-the world was destroyed. . In fact, Yang Yi, which is fascinated Wei Yan, wants to be rebellious. Yang Yi nature "narrow", repeated impermanence, is a proficiency of interest; his heart is narrow, and there is always a Wenchen military commander. But that is, such a Yuchen is a weight of Zhuge Lilan, and the military is prolonged. After Yang Yi, Yu Yan, "Winning" back to Chengdu, self-sufficiency, can not be in the world; after the "Shangshi Order" is unable to resent, the fee is said: "When the people are primely, I will The army is so evil, and it is nothing to have. "This self-container is nothing to report to the feet, so" the waste instrument is the people, the migrant, "Yang Yi, is difficult to change The migration is completely written, and the imperial court is later to investigate him, he committed suicide. Jiang Yan, Fu Wei first, Lu Yi, Yang Yi removing Wei Yan, then remove Yang Yi, Zhuge Liang bones, and inside the inside. Zhuge Liang's death, and Wei Yanzhi died, thereafter, Yang Yi was dead. After this, after the toss, the monk of the Han Yuan was hurt, causing every situation to the country, and Zhuge Liang was also responsible for this.
Qi Qiu's sin self-owned commentary, the parties in the parties, the parties, should be given to clear judgment, research and aftertaste. It can provide us with valuable reference.
